emq: trauma week 1.
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Match the description of each c-spine fracture to the correct diagnosis.
Flexion teardrop fracture Bilateral facet joint dislocation Clay shoveler’s fracture Anterior subluxation injury Wedge compression fracture |
Jefferson fracture Unilateral facet joint dislocation Hangman’s fracture Posterior neural arch fracture Extension teardrop fracture. |
EMQ 1.
Flexion of the spine along the vertical axis causes anterior compression of a spinal body with anterior displacement of an anteroinferior fragment.
Answer: flexion teardrop fracture
EMQ 2.
Abrupt flexion of the neck combined with contraction of the upper body and lower neck muscles avulses a segment of the C7 spinous process.
Answer: clay shoveler fracture.
EMQ 3.
A downwards compression force transmitted through the occipital condyles displaces the lateral masses and fractures the anterior and posterior arches of the atlas.
Answer: Jefferson fracture (burst fracture of C1)
EMQ 4.
Hyperextension causes bilateral fractures through the pedicles of C2.
Answer: Hangman’s fracture
EMQ 5.
Hyperextension of the head compresses C1 against C2 causes the posterior arch of c1 to fracture. The transverse ligament and anterior arch are not involved.
Answer: posterior neural arch fracture.
Flexion of the spine along the vertical axis causes anterior compression of a spinal body with anterior displacement of an anteroinferior fragment.
Answer: flexion teardrop fracture
EMQ 2.
Abrupt flexion of the neck combined with contraction of the upper body and lower neck muscles avulses a segment of the C7 spinous process.
Answer: clay shoveler fracture.
EMQ 3.
A downwards compression force transmitted through the occipital condyles displaces the lateral masses and fractures the anterior and posterior arches of the atlas.
Answer: Jefferson fracture (burst fracture of C1)
EMQ 4.
Hyperextension causes bilateral fractures through the pedicles of C2.
Answer: Hangman’s fracture
EMQ 5.
Hyperextension of the head compresses C1 against C2 causes the posterior arch of c1 to fracture. The transverse ligament and anterior arch are not involved.
Answer: posterior neural arch fracture.